@TechConnectify 2. That wasn’t a problem through the 80’s, as homes weren’t air tight enough to matter. This is where our concept of insulation and HVAC functionally diverges due to climate differences. You seem to be worried about heat loss through the ceiling. I want heat loss 3/4 of the year. My problem is humidity. The more efficient the building envelope becomes, the worse humidity becomes unless I am able to exclude ambient air from the structure. That’s easy for me to do in walls